浅析雅思听力的两种关系词

　　1. 同向关系词

　　同向关系词,即用上此类词或词组,句子内部或句子间的方向没有发生改变,只是根据前面的句意进一步延伸和细化.将其归纳为:

　　举例关系词:for example, for instance, e.g., such as, like, take sth. for example

　　类比关系词:like, alike, similar, same, as

　　选择,并列和递进关系词:or, either…or, and, as well, also, besides, apart from, in addition, what's more, furthermore, moreover (分号;)

　　因果关系词:

　　表示由引起的,后接原因的词或词组:because,because of, as a result of, as a consequence of, due to, result from, be attributed to, be contributed to, arise from, owing to, thanks to, in that

　　表示导致,后接结果的词或者词组:    so, therefore, thus, as a result, as a consequence, lead to, result in, attribute to, contribute to, give rise to, bring about, generate

　　总结关系词:in conclusion, to conclude, to sum up, in sum, all in all, in brief

　　2. 逆向关系词:

　　逆向关系词,即用上此类词或词组,句子内部或句子间的方向发生改变,前后句子意思形成相反关系.总结发现,这类词包含:

　　否定关系词:not, none, no, never, non-, dis-, un-, in-, im-, -less, few, little, hardly, barely, seldom, neither…nor

　　转折和让步关系词:but, however, yet, nevertheless, nonetheless, in fact, actually, despite, in spite of, although, even though, though

　　对比关系词:unlike,by contrast, in contrast, on the contrary, conversely

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